解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::This report describes an easily administered scale for measuring perceived burden among caregivers of family members with dementia. During home interviews conducted in 1991, 82 caregivers rated their family member with dementia on several items related to functional ability, the type of care provided, and associated s...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article reports a study of the process of selecting and evaluating general surgery residents. In personnel psychology terms, a job analysis of general surgery was conducted using the Critical Incident Technique (CIT). The researchers collected 235 critical incidents through structured interviews with 10 general s...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/016327879301600105
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Valid assessment of professional competence has proven to be an elusive goal. Objective tests, direct observation of performance, overall ratings of competence, and simulations have been tried and found wanting in one way or another. Objective test items are criticized as being unrealistic and therefore invalid. Direc...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/016327879201500203
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to determine if already-existing staff in a rural health department could effectively increase access of their clients to Medicaid. All "sliding fee" patients seeking services were asked a series of questions to determine their categorical eligibility for Medicaid. Those identified as pot...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/016327879101400403
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although oral examinations are widely used for making decisions regarding an individual's level of competence, they are frequently of limited reliability. A significant part of the error in oral performance ratings is due to the tendency for some evaluators to be lenient and others to be stringent in their assignment ...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/016327879101400107
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rising health care costs in general and hospital costs in particular have placed significant financial strain on federal programs such as Medicare. It was with this in mind that the Reagan administration in 1983 initiated Medicare's new prospective payment system based on diagnostic-related groups (DRGs) to reduce the...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/016327878801100405
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The medical schools of the United States are in crisis because of poor teaching methods, misdirected training of medical students, and failure to respond to the needs of the population. Much of the increased cost of medical care can be blamed on high technology and the type of training provided in the medical school. ...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/016327878801100201
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The medical education literature concerned with the teaching role fulfilled by house officers was reviewed by the authors. Articles were presented in three categories: (1) studies of house officer effort, (2) perceptions of the house officer's teaching role, and (3) assessing and improving house officer teaching skill...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/016327878801100101
更新日期:1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Periodic review of professional competence or performance is on the public agenda as a response to rising malpractice suits, iatrogenic morbidity, and mortality resulting directly from professional incompetence, and the inadequacy of current licensing and discipline systems. This article reviews several continuing com...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/016327878701000306
更新日期:1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nonresponses in archival data may violate the missing-at-random assumption in ways difficult to detect. Standard methods of comparing sociodemographics of respondents and nonrespondents are inappropriate when the units of analysis are not also the individuals who maintain the archival record. Under these circumstances...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/016327878701000202
更新日期:1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article illustrates an application of confirmatory factor analysis, using the LISREL program, to retrospective analysis of rating data common in health professions education. We begin with specification of a causal model reflecting the multitrait-multimethod design of a surgical house-officer ranking system. The ...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/016327878701000110
更新日期:1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::U.S. medical students who have been unable to gain acceptance into medical schools have long sought alternative pathways into American medical practice. The Medical College of Georgia (MCG) has had a transfer program since 1977 to facilitate entry of Georgia Transfer students into the third-year clinical rotations. Af...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/016327878500800307
更新日期:1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years evaluation has mushroomed dramatically as a discipline. A number of evaluation "models" or approaches have been conceived, and varieties of social science methods have been employed serving several evaluative purposes. Missing from the health profession's literature on evaluation is a discussion of the...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/016327878500800202
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Bayesian inferential process is modified to be used as an approach to an aggregate meta-analytic evaluation. Comparisons of the Bayesian approach with the traditional average effect size meta-analytic approach indicated that the Bayesian approach was more sensitive to differences between studies. The approaches to...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/016327878400700407
更新日期:1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article summarizes the results of a critical review of several cost-benefit analyses (CBA) of health care programs. With pertinent examples, it is demonstrated that the results and conclusions of a study depend upon the assumptions and methods underlying the measurement of costs and benefits in a CBA. Given the i...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/016327878400700302
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A needs assessment is a research and planning activity designed to determine a community's service needs and utilization patterns. One of the most practical ways to plan services is to gather information accurately about a defined population and use that information to revise existing programs or develop new ones. Unf...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/016327878400700206
更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patient satisfaction has been related to patient compliance, doctor-patient information exchange, and continuity of care. However, the construct of patient satisfaction is not well defined; its measurement has typically consisted of the anecdotal generation of questions that may not tap issues of concern to patients. ...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/016327878400700106
更新日期:1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years attention in developing countries has concentrated upon strategies to improve the equitable provision of essential health care--the primary health care approach. Very little work has been reported in connection with the quality of medical care, and yet for the successful outcome of care it is necessary...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/016327878300600405
更新日期:1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The central purpose of this article is to review the major approaches to evaluation of health care quality in terms of its use of different data sources. The areas of application, advantages, and disadvantages of seven data sources are presented, including direct observation, clinical records, record abstracts, clinic...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/016327878300600302
更新日期:1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The standard-setting literature is filled with contributions in which issues associated with standards are discussed and various methods for setting standards are presented and reviewed. Almost no attention has been given to guidelines for helping standard-setting groups or committees address the issues and technical ...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/016327878300600101
更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In modern democracies, societal objectives are pluralistic, varied, and often mutually conflicting. Consequently, cost-benefit analysts have considerable scope for defining societal objectives in a manner most suitable for advocating their clients' programs. Three different therapies for a hypothetical disease are con...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/016327878200500401
更新日期:1982-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many studies have been compiled which report patient characteristics and patterns in the utilization of health care services. Very little information is available on the characteristics of patients who refuse services in a particular program. This article employs a sample of 246 home health care patients to describe t...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/016327878200500205
更新日期:1982-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hospice care in the United States has grown rapidly since its introduction here from England in the mid-1970s. Surprisingly little evaluation of services has been made public, particularly with regard not merely to demographics but also the actual effect of hospice caregiving on patients and families. This article des...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/016327878100400305
更新日期:1981-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The movement of a group of chronically mentally ill clients among various facilities for residential care was described with a Markov probability model. The results of a goodness-of-fit test indicated that the model accurately captured the flow of clients among the state psychiatric hospital, the in-patient units, the...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/016327878100400108
更新日期:1981-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Normalization has gained wide acceptance as a goal that residential institutations for the mentally retarded should strive to achieve, but many organizations have been shown to have difficulty achieving the goal. Theories developed from the organizational contingency perspective suggest that organizations with bureauc...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/016327878000300105
更新日期:1980-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Workshops on new methods in the health professions have often been evaluated for participant reaction and understanding of the material. But behavior change on the job following workshops has seldom been assessed. Rehabilitation professionals in seven states were surveyed to determine use of behavior management proced...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/016327877900200404
更新日期:1979-12-01 00:00:00